6. Plan experiments taking into account the type and amount and accuracy of date needed to give reproducible and accurate results.
7. Make most common types of ( modified from several different types of common) laboratory measurements including for example small signal measurements and resonance measurements.
8. Use a computer to make plots and tables, do curve-fitting, do basic statistical analysis proficiently and relate the fit parameters to physical quantities.
9. Identify the claims, theoretical background, experimental evidence, and logical connections that hold their own argument together.
10. Communicate results ethically and effectively in the oral form typical for Physics and Astronomy presentations.

11. Construct arguments and identify trends based on experimentally controlled observations.
12. Discuss the instrumentation used in an experimental investigation, including any systematic errors or biases that might be introduced by these
13. Work together in small groups to design and construct experiments.
14. Maintain laboratory notebooks of sufficient quality for beginning graduate-level research
15. Use a computer to do sophisticated data analysis, including uncertainty analysis using professional standards.
16. Use theoretical models to predict and understand measurement results
17. Make written scientific arguments using the typical elements of thecnical communciation for Physics presentations (modified from a number of standard elements of technical communication)

ASTR4271 (from R. Chornock)

1. calculate and predict signal-to-noise ratio for CCD observations of astronomical sources.
2. calibrate astronomical measurements from detector output to physical units.
3. Demonstrate familiarity with optical photometric systems and their definitions.
4. Describe the basics of CCD design and operation.
5. Illustrate the essential elements of writing successful observing proposals.
6. Express the results of a scientific project in both written and oral formats

Learning outcomes suggested by AAPT

1. Constructing knowledge: collect, analyze, and interpret real data from personal observations of the physical world to develop a physical worldview.
2. Modeling: develop abstract representations of real systems studied in the laboratory, understand their limitations and uncertainties, and make predictions using models.
3. Designing Experiments: develop, engineer, and troubleshoot experiments to test models and hypotheses within specific constraints such as cost, time, safety, and available equipment.
4. Developing technical and practical laboratory skills: become proficient using common test equipment in a range of standard laboratory measurements while being cognizant of device limitations.
5. Analyzing and visualizing data: analyze and display data using statistical methods and critically interpret the validity and limitations of these data and their uncertainties.
6. Communicating Physics: present results and ideas with reasoned arguments supported by experimental evidence and utilizing appropriate and authentic written and verbal forms.